Hi,
In this article, I propose you a range of useful Unix commands.
Use an ASCII file in DOS/MAC format in Unix format
The line endings Windows are different of Unix line endings, and this point could create problem for the plain text files like CSH scripts, SQL scripts…etc. To convert the plain text files in DOS/MAC format to UNIX format, there is dos2unix:
huo@myserver:/opt/files/>dos2unix -o file1.sh file1.sh dos2unix: converting file file1.sh to UNIX format ... huo@myserver:/opt/files/>dos2unix -o * dos2unix: converting file file1.sh to UNIX format ...
Note: The DOS line endings in Unix are visible via vi like ^M.
Find a file
The find command allows the searching of files.
Searching of files via their filename:
huo@myserver:/opt/files/>find ./ -name huo* ./lib/huo-common-1.3.1.jar ./lib/huo-batch-1.3.1.jar ./lib/huo-db-1.3.1.jar
Searching of files via regular expression:
huo@myserver:/opt/files/>find ./ -name h[uU][oOijTt]* ./lib/huo-common-1.3.1.jar ./lib/huo-batch-1.3.1.jar ./lib/huo-db-1.3.1.jar
Searching of files via their last modification date time:
huo@myserver:/opt/files/>find ./ -ctime -1 ./ ./lib ./lib/huo-common-1.3.1.jar ./lib/huo-batch-1.3.1.jar ./lib/huo-db-1.3.1.jar
Searching of files via their size:
huo@myserver:/opt/tomcat/webapps/host-manager/>find .-size +5 -exec ls -s {} \; | sort -nr | more
8 web.xml
8 ./WEB-INF/web.xml
8 ./images/asf-logo.gif
8 asf-logo.gif
...
4 jsp
4 index.jsp
4 images
4 fix.gif
4 docs.gif
4 design.gif
4 context.xml
...
4 404.jsp
4 403.jsp
4 401.jsp
total 40
total 4
total 20
total 12
total 12
huo@myserver:/opt/tomcat/webapps/host-manager/>find .-size +5 -exec ls -s {} \;
total 20
4 images 4 index.jsp 4 manager.xml 4 META-INF 4 WEB-INF
total 12
4 jsp 8 web.xml
total 12
4 401.jsp 4 403.jsp 4 404.jsp
...
total 4
4 context.xml
Treatment of searching of files
Searching of files via their filename and displaying their size on the disk in kbytes:
huo@myserver:/opt/files/>find ./ -name huo* -exec du -k {} \;
112 ./lib/huo-common-1.3.1.jar
12 ./lib/huo-batch-1.3.1.jar
44 ./lib/huo-db-1.3.1.jar
Searching of files containing the log4j string:
huo@myserver:/opt/files/>find ./ -type f | xargs grep -il log4j ./lib/log4j-1.2.16.jar ./lib/commons-logging.jar ./lib/log4j.properties ./lib/startBatch.sh ... huo@myserver:/opt/files/>find ./ -type f | xargs grep -il log4j > find.out huo@myserver:/opt/files/>more find.out ./lib/log4j-1.2.16.jar ./lib/commons-logging.jar ./lib/log4j.properties ./lib/startBatch.sh
Find text in a file
huo@myserver:/opt/tomcat/webapps>find . -exec grep 'response' {} \; -print
<%
response.sendRedirect(response.encodeRedirectURL(request.getContextPath() + ./index.jsp
Process
To find the ID of a process:
huo@myserver:/opt/files/>ps -ef | grep java
To kill a process whose the ID is 905:
huo@myserver:/opt/files/>kill 905
To kill a process whose the ID is 905 with a kill forced termination; cannot be trapped :
huo@myserver:/opt/files/>kill -9 905
Check disk space
To check the disk space:
huo@myserver:/opt/files/>df -k FileSystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/huo1 10220745 4851245 5369500 54% / devtmpfs 1020785 0 1020785 0% /dev
Check size of folder
huo@myserver:/opt/tomcat/webapps>du -hs * 15M myApp 21M myApp.war 92K host-manager 124K manager 212K ROOT
Free disk space by deleting
Deleting resoures unchanged for 4 months:
huo@myserver:/opt/tomcat/webapps>find -mtime +120 -exec rm{} \;
That’s all!!!
Huseyin OZVEREN